无线电综合测试仪校准装置的研究及其不确定度分析

This calibration device of radio comprehensive tester is studied and established in this paper. It solves the verification and calibration of a large number of general-purpose radio comprehensive testers. The calibration device consists of four calibration sub- systems and calibration software system, including RF generator, audio generator, audio analyzer and RF analyzer. It also researches on the configuration of standard equipment and analyzes the uncertainty of the calibration devices, ensuring accurate and reliable val- ue transfer.     

An interval observer for uncertain continuous‐time linear systems

To design robust interval observers for uncertain continuous‐time linear systems, a new set‐integration approach is proposed to compute trajectory tubes for the estimation error. Because this approach, the order‐preserving condition on the dynamics of the estimation error is no longer required. Therefore, synthesis methods can be used to compute observer gains that reduce the impact of the system uncertainties on the accuracy of the estimated state enclosures. The performance of the proposed approach is showcased through illustrative numerical examples.     

Development of a statistical model to classify driving stress levels using galvanic skin responses

Many studies have demonstrated the strong relationships between physiological responses and driving stress, but they have done little to build a model that could be used to identify a driver's stress accurately in real time. The objective of this study is to develop a model that accurately classifies driving stress by monitoring physiological responses—specifically galvanic skin response (GSR). GSR data were collected from nine drivers with licenses obtained in the US in real road driving situations with two stress conditions—rest period (low stress) and highway or city driving (high stress). The validation drive was performed by one driver with licenses obtained in South Korea in real long‐term road driving situations with two stress conditions—rural area (low stress) and highway or highway under construction (high stress). Those two conditions were used to build a binary logistic regression model to classify low stress or high stress based on a driver's measured hand GSR. The overall classification accuracy of the developed model was found to be 85.3%, and the accuracy of cross validation, with a testing dataset, was found to be 83.2%. A simple logit model was developed to identify drivers' stress by incorporating their GSR data. The developed model can be embedded in a wearable device equipped with GSR sensors for drivers to detect their stress level in real time.     

An improved iterative stochastic multi-objective acceptability analysis method for robust alternative selection in new product development

Alternative selection in new product development (NPD) is a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. It usually starts with incomplete, imprecise or even partially missing information. Currently, most existing methods in dealing with this problem cannot work well if required information is incomplete or missing. It is acknowledged that stochastic multi-objective acceptability analysis (SMAA) can be applied to address MCDM problem with incomplete preference information and uncertain criteria measurements. In SMAA, alternatives are evaluated based on SMAA measurements (acceptability index, central weight vector and confidence factor). The discriminability of SMAA for the optimum alternative heavily depends on differences of SMAA measurements among different alternatives. Usually, a large number of alternatives and high level of uncertainty are involved in alternative selection in NPD. In this situation, the differences among SMAA measurements are not obvious, and therefore SMAA cannot deal with such problem very well. To this end, this paper proposes an improved SMAA method called Iterative-SMAA (I-SMAA) for alternative selection in NPD. In the I-SMAA, an iterative multi-step decision-making process is suggested to improve differences of SMAA measurements among different alternatives, and thus assist decision makers (DMs) to positively discern from the most preferred alternative. To enhance the decision-making efficiency, sensitive criteria are acquired in each iteration by ranking sensitivity analysis. DMs are guided to provide partial preference information and give more accurate criteria measurements for sensitive criteria rather than all criteria. Eventually, to verify the proposed method, a numerical example of the existing literature is solved with the method, and the results are compared. And then, a practical example of a preparation equipment for coal samples is further employed to verify the practicability of the proposed I-SMAA.     

丙烯酸装置循环气压缩机叶片损伤分析与修复

某石化公司丙烯酸装置循环气压缩机在运行过程中,一级叶片突然发生断裂,导致机组停机。采用宏观检查、扫描电子显微镜、能谱分析等方法对断裂叶片进行检验和检测,将断裂叶片的材质、裂纹及断口特征检测结果与疲劳断裂特征和机组运行状况进行对比,确定压缩机叶片的断裂系其达到疲劳寿命所致,提出采用激光熔覆方法对压缩机叶片进行修复,介绍了修复工艺操作程序要点,可为同类故事的处理提供参考。     

矿用直线振动筛结构故障分析

针对煤矿选煤厂直线振动筛工作过程中出现的结构故障问题,采用有限元仿真与现场测试结合的方法对振动筛出现故障的原因进行了分析研究。介绍了振动筛的主要结构及常见故障,并以某矿选煤厂发生大梁断裂的振动筛为例,对该振动筛进行三维建模和有限元模态分析,分析结果表明:随着模态阶次的增加,振型的变化逐渐由移动转为结构本身的扭曲变形。在该振动筛空载工作状态下,选用本质安全型便携式测振记录仪进行振动测试并处理测试信号,得到该振动筛的工作频率。结合模态分析结果和实际测试结果,判断出空载时频繁运行振动筛是造成其大梁断裂的主要原因。根据故障原因给出维护建议:应当尽量避免振动筛在空载或物料较少的状态下长时间运行;在振动筛投入使用前,应预先了解振动筛的工作状态及可能存在的薄弱环节,尽可能避免结构故障,保证振动筛可靠运行。     

The use of seed texture features for discriminating different cultivars of stored apples

The aim of this study was to identify the textural features of apple seeds with the highest discriminatory power for distinguishing the seeds of different apple cultivars with the use of discriminative classifiers. The seeds of apple cvs. Gala, Jonagold and Idared were scanned with the use of a flatbed scanner, and the acquired images were processed to calculate textural features from color channels: L, a, b, R, G, B, Y, U, V, H, S, I, X, Y and Z. The selected textures were used to develop discriminative models and distinguish the seeds of the examined apple cultivars. The analyses were performed for color spaces and color channels. The seeds of apple cvs. Gala and Idared were discriminated with 100% accuracy in models based on the textures from Lab and YUV color spaces and color channel L for the Naive Bayes, Multilayer Perceptron and Multi Class classifiers. The discriminatory accuracies of the seeds of all analyzed apple cultivars (Gala, Idared and Jonagold) ranged from 72% to 85%. The discriminatory accuracy of the textures selected from Lab color space for the Naive Bayes classifier reached 85%. The seeds of apple cvs. Gala and Jonagold were discriminated with 78–90% accuracy, and the discriminatory accuracy of the textures from Lab color space and color channel b for the Naive Bayes classifier reached 90%. The seeds of apple cvs. Idared and Jonagold were distinguished with 80–94% accuracy. The models based on textures from Lab color space and color channel b for the Naive Bayes classifier were characterized by 94% discriminatory accuracy. The study demonstrated that textural features are useful for discriminating the seeds of different apple cultivars.     

Stability of electronic nose (e-nose) as determined by considering date-pits heated at different temperatures

Variability and sensitivity of a portable electronic nose (32 sensors) was assessed by considering different variables for measurement (i.e., reference, standard, first and second purges, sample draw time, waiting time for the volatiles released in the headspace, and mass of sample or headspace volume of the jar containing sample). In this study, dried date-pits were used a model sample. The highest stability was achieved when both reference and standard (i.e., dried date-pits, no heating treatment) were used before test sample measurement. Higher sample draw time more than 10 s significantly decreased the stability, whereas optimum second purge was observed at 50 s. Optimum time to generate volatile was observed as 24 h. A sample of 100 g increased the signal intensity compared to the 50 g sample for the 60°C and 100°C treated samples, while an opposite trend was observed for the 150°C treated sample. Finally, the responses of volatile components in date-pits heated at different temperatures (60°C, 100°C, and 150°C) were measured using the optimum operating conditions. Principal component analysis explored the relationships between the volatile features and classified date-pits heated at different temperatures. The results showed that an electronic nose was able to classify date-pits based on their volatile components generated by different degrees of heating (93.3% accuracy).     

A comparative study for consistency-based decision making with interval multiplicative preference relations

ABSTRACT

To ensure the reasonable application and perfect the theory of decision making with interval multiplicative preference relations (IMPRs), this paper continues to discuss decision making with IMPRs. After reviewing previous consistency concepts for IMPRs, we find that Krej?í’s consistency concept is more flexible and natural than others. However, it is insufficient to address IMPRs only using this concept. Considering this fact, this paper researches inconsistent and incomplete IMPRs that are usually encountered. First, programming models for addressing inconsistent and incomplete IMPRs are constructed. Then, this paper studies the consensus of individual IMPRs and defines a consensus index using the defined correlation coefficient. When the consensus requirement does not satisfy requirement, a programming model for improving consensus level is built, which can ensure the consistency. Subsequently, a procedure for group decision making with IMPRs is offered, and associated examples are provided to specifically show the application of main theoretical results.